Typically, there is a branch of execution defined for each of the expected possible values of the variable and one catch-all or default branch for all other values. = to only skip the = directory in in the current directory). These direct the flow of program execution according to the value of a variable. ! -path './=' -type f -exec grep -n SearchTextHere /dev/null + In Unix/Linux shells (bash, zsh, and so on) '' is processed by the shell (bash) not the command (grep). For that, you could use find to find the files and exclude = and let it call grep to search the text within the files, as you'd do anyway standardly as -r is not a standard grep option. In any case, there's no way to tell GNU grep -r to exclude only the one = in the current directory (and still search in the = files found in other subdirectories). That has no advantage over using -exclude. Here, while you could do: echo = | grep -exclude-from=/dev/stdin -rn SearchTextHere. Here is a small script, which I've called pgrepdiff, which will allow you to use a PCRE to match your diff output. echo SOME grep -P ' (i)some' SOME Unfortunately this flag is not available in grepdiff and, as far as I can see, neither is -i (case insensitive match). exclude-from is for when you want to give the list of exclusion in a file. 1 Answer Sorted by: 2 You need to tell the grep family to use Perl-like REs. If you want to keep using GREPOPTIONS you can just unset it for your commandline, e.g. You could then just run \grep or /bin/grep to run it without any options. sed A utility for filtering and transforming text. alias grep'grep -ignore-case -color' as this would only affect interactive programs and not scripts. grep Filter text which matches a regular expression. egrep Filter text which matches an extended regular expression. Now to exclude any file called = in a recursive search with GNU grep, you'd use: grep -rn -exclude= SearchTextHere. Search for 'support' in the file commands. If that = file of yours is empty, that's one possible explanation. You can also use the wildcard () to select all files in a directory. You can always use grep with any kind of data but it works best with text data. Note that single or double quotes are required around the text if it is more than one word. grep -i pattern file Output: grep -i it textfile.txt This is a sample text file. The syntax is: grep .(though few [ implementations support a >= operator yash's builtin [ does) Without passing any option, grep can be used to search for a pattern in a file or group of files. As > is a redirection operator in the syntax of the shell, > should be quoted: expr a '>=' b That is running those [ or expr commands with their output redirected to =. So, the tail portion of my command equates to tail -follow -retry -lines=+0, where the final argument directs it to start at the beginning, skipping zero lines.=-named files can appear if one does: īy mistake as that's essentially the same as: > '=' That causes tail to track the named file in a way thatĪccommodates renaming, removal and creation. The file descriptor (e.g., log rotation). When you really want to track the actual name of the file, not Which means that even if a tail'ed file is renamed, tail willĬontinue to track its end. With -follow (-f), tail defaults to following the file descriptor, Of each file, otherwise, print the last K items in the file. Is a '+', print beginning with the Kth item from the start If the first character of K (the number of bytes or lines) Output the last K lines, instead of the last 10 or use -n +K to output To specify two or more search patterns, use the -e option: grep -wv -e nologin -e bash /etc/passwd You can use the -e option as many times as you need. If the search string includes spaces, you need to enclose it in single or double quotation marks. First heres a simple example script that doesnt ignore case: /bin/bash if (echo hello) hello then echo it works fi Try changing the string hello on the right, and it should no longer echo it works.Try replacing echo hello with a command of your choosing. Supporting details from the tail manpage (GNU coreutils, mine is v8.22) : -F same as -follow=name -retry To ignore the case when searching, invoke grep with the -i option. I see all these people saying to use tail -f, but I do not like the limitations of that! My favorite method of searching a file while also watching for new lines (e.g., I commonly work with log files to which are appended the redirected output of processes executed periodically via cron jobs) is: tail -Fn+0 /path/to/file|grep searchterm
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